西方现代戏剧叙事范式的转型可追溯到19世纪末,其转变是同整个西方现代思想文化观念的转向同步发生的,它打破了自古希腊以来西方传统戏剧倡导的"摹仿说"和"情节整一"的叙事原则,叙事范式呈现出多元化发展态势。戏剧功能,如戏剧视角、戏剧语言、戏剧节奏、戏剧时空、戏剧结构等积极参与戏剧的叙事活动,并发挥着功能性作用,使西方现代戏剧呈现出立体的、动态的、开放的发展态势和象征性、写意性、符号性的叙事特点。叙事范式的转变使西方现代戏剧的叙事形态应运而生,具有动态性、整体性、观念性的特点。在现代戏剧叙事转型的过程中,静止戏剧、悲喜剧、境遇剧、狂欢化戏剧、叙事体戏剧、独白型戏剧、文献戏剧等开始形成,它们不仅仅是戏剧的物质形态也是剧作家和舞台导演的精神形态。
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