老舍的贫苦出身,使得他对底层民众的心理和生活有着极其深刻的了解,为创作《骆驼祥子》提供了丰富的素材,最终成就了这样一部载尽社会苦难的作品。1936年,老舍的朋友与他偶然谈到在北平时用过的一个车夫,这个车夫买了车又卖掉,经历了三起三落,最终还是受穷。老舍马上意识到这是一个绝佳的小说题材。老舍的朋友又说到有一个车夫被军队抓了去,岂料转祸为福,他乘着军队移动之际,偷偷牵回三匹骆驼。这两个车夫的经历,车夫和骆驼,便是《骆驼祥子》故事的核心。《骆驼祥子》以20世纪20年代的北平为背景,那是北洋军阀统治的时代。在那个时代,人民生活艰难而贫苦,老舍在描绘祥子的同时,也勾勒出在这个旧社会下遭受苦难的普罗众生,"笔尖滴出血与泪来"。
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